Telegram RegisterThe public register of Telegram
Telegram profile photo for Петербургский дневник

Channel

Петербургский дневник

@dnevspb

Verified by Telegram

On this record: Topic · Growth · Engagement · What this channel posts · Reactions · Posts · Polls · Citations · Telegram's recommendations · Cite this entry

20,913subscribers

+678 since we began measuring on 6 August 2026

Risers and fallers across the register · movement among entries of 10,000–31,623.

Register entry

Telegram ID-1001215384213
TypeChannel
Username@dnevspb
Created3 February 2020measured — cross-checked against a third-party dataset (ext.tg_channel)
First recorded6 August 2026
Last confirmed live17 September 2026
Measurements held33
Confirmed unchanged1 time, most recently 17 September 2026
On Telegramt.me/dnevspb

Topic

Local community — a classification, not a measurement. An on-box language model (Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-FP8, prompt version 1) read this channel’s own recent posts on 10 September 2026 and assigned it the closest of 31 fixed categories, at 62% confidence. This is a model’s judgement about what the channel is likely to be about, not a fact this register measured the way a subscriber count or a view count is measured — it can be revised on a later pass, and it carries no weight anywhere else on this page. How this classification works, and why it has no browse page of its own yet.

Growth

20,14320,93520,5396 August 2026 — 20,235 subscribers6 August 2026 — 20,236 subscribers7 August 2026 — 20,240 subscribers9 August 2026 — 20,237 subscribers10 August 2026 — 20,226 subscribers11 August 2026 — 20,218 subscribers12 August 2026 — 20,211 subscribers13 August 2026 — 20,217 subscribers14 August 2026 — 20,222 subscribers16 August 2026 — 20,217 subscribers17 August 2026 — 20,213 subscribers18 August 2026 — 20,217 subscribers19 August 2026 — 20,220 subscribers20 August 2026 — 20,227 subscribers22 August 2026 — 20,234 subscribers23 August 2026 — 20,183 subscribers25 August 2026 — 20,180 subscribers26 August 2026 — 20,182 subscribers27 August 2026 — 20,185 subscribers27 August 2026 — 20,188 subscribers28 August 2026 — 20,182 subscribers29 August 2026 — 20,181 subscribers30 August 2026 — 20,143 subscribers31 August 2026 — 20,162 subscribers1 September 2026 — 20,159 subscribers2 September 2026 — 20,151 subscribers3 September 2026 — 20,152 subscribers6 September 2026 — 20,221 subscribers9 September 2026 — 20,618 subscribers12 September 2026 — 20,935 subscribers13 September 2026 — 20,925 subscribers15 September 2026 — 20,915 subscribers17 September 2026 — 20,913 subscribers20,9136 August 202617 September 2026
33 measurements spanning 43 days, net +678. Dots are measurements; the straight line between them is drawn to join them, not to claim we know the path taken in between — snapshots are recorded only when a count changes, so gaps mean “no change observed”, never “interpolated”. The vertical axis spans 20,024–21,054 and does not start at zero.
Measurement log — every subscribers count we have recorded, most recent 20 of 33
Measured (UTC)SubscribersChange
17 Sept 2026, 18:1720,913-2
15 Sept 2026, 15:5620,915-10
13 Sept 2026, 20:1620,925-10
12 Sept 2026, 00:1820,935+317
9 Sept 2026, 14:1720,618+397
6 Sept 2026, 06:5720,221+69
3 Sept 2026, 23:2220,152+1
2 Sept 2026, 17:4220,151-8
1 Sept 2026, 18:4820,159-3
31 Aug 2026, 17:2520,162+19
30 Aug 2026, 18:2520,143-38
29 Aug 2026, 16:1620,181-1
28 Aug 2026, 19:1420,182-6
27 Aug 2026, 22:2820,188+3
27 Aug 2026, 00:2420,185+3
26 Aug 2026, 02:1220,182+2
25 Aug 2026, 03:4220,180-3
23 Aug 2026, 20:1720,183-51
22 Aug 2026, 05:1520,234+7
20 Aug 2026, 19:3520,227first reading

Engagement

503 posts held, back to 5 August 2026the reader has not yet reached the start of this channel’s public history, so older posts may sit further back, unread. Read across 58 pages of Telegram’s post history, 20 posts per page.

ERR · 30 days
1.07%
avg views ÷ 20,913 subscribers
Avg views / post
223
227 posts measured
Reaction rate
3.35%
reactions ÷ views · ER floor
Posts in window
227
of 503 held

ERR is average views per post over the last 30 days divided by subscribers, the definition TGStat uses, so this figure is comparable with the one you will see elsewhere. It falls structurally as a channel grows: a high ERR on a small channel and a low one on a large channel describe reach mathematics, not quality. We publish the figure and the sample it came from and pass no verdict on it.

ER is defined industry-wide as (forwards + reactions + comments) ÷ views — note the denominator is views, not subscribers. Telegram’s public web preview carries views and reactions but not forward or comment counts, so the reaction rate above is the reactions term only and is therefore a floor: the true ER for this channel is higher by an amount we have not measured and will not estimate.

What these figures were computed from
WindowRolling 30 days · latest post in window 2 September 2026
Posts held503 (5 August 20262 September 2026)
Views total50,628
Reactions total1,697
Forwards / commentsnot exposed by the public surface — not measured, not estimated
Readings taken3 Sept 2026, 00:52 UTC

Views are a single reading per post, taken at the time above. A post published in the last day or two is still accumulating views, which pulls the 30-day average down slightly. That is a property of the standard definition rather than a fault in it, so we keep the definition rather than “correcting” the number into something nobody can reproduce.

Precision. Telegram publishes view counts on its public widget in short form — 8.12K, 3.7M — so any reading at or above 1,000 reaches us rounded to three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. Averages and rates derived from them are shown to the same precision rather than to the unit: a figure like 3,701,250 would assert digits nobody measured.

Reaction counts are published per emoji and rounded the same way, so a total below 1,000 is exact and a larger one is a sum that may carry a rounded component from each emoji above 1,000. Because it is a sum, it does not look rounded — read a large reaction total as three significant figures per contributing emoji rather than as the figure it prints.

What this channel posts

Video runtime
2h 21m
Average length
1m 16s

Measured directly from 111 videos with a duration reading, out of the posts we hold for this channel — not this channel’s whole posting history, only the sample this register has actually read. An exact reading to the second, taken from the post itself rather than from Telegram’s own rounded chrome, so it carries no mark.

Reaction mix

3,693 reactions across 493 posts, in 40 distinct kinds. The most used accounts for 25.8% of them.

Every reaction kind recorded on the sample, most used first
ReactionCountShareShare, drawn
👍95125.8%
88323.9%
👌2586.99%
❤‍🔥2496.74%
🙏2236.04%
🔥1865.04%
😍1423.85%
💯1002.71%
👏862.33%
772.09%
😨611.65%
🤝571.54%
🤔501.35%
😢451.22%
😱350.948%
👀340.921%
🤯320.867%
💔300.812%
🏆250.677%
😭200.542%
20 further kinds1494.03%

No sentiment is inferred, and none should be read in. This table is ordered by count and by nothing else. Emoji do not carry stable meaning across languages or communities — 🙏 is thanks in one channel and mourning in another — so we publish which ones were pressed and how often, and pass no judgement on what an audience meant by them.

Precision. Telegram publishes reaction counts per emoji and short-forms each one — 4.34K, 1.2M — so any single kind at or above 1,000 reaches us at three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. The shares above are ratios of those figures and carry the same error. This is also why the total here can differ slightly from a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page: both are sums of the same rounded parts, taken over samples with different edges.

Coverage. Reactions were read on 500 of the 503 sampled posts in this sample. Summed by Telegram’s own count on each post — not by adding up the per-emoji breakdown above — those same posts carry 3,743 reactions in total: the kind of figure the paragraph above means by “a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page”.

Measured over the 503 most recent posts we hold, published 5 August 2026 to 2 September 2026, using the newest reading held for each. Telegram Stars are excluded: they are a payment, not a reaction, and they have their own section.

Recent posts

2 Sept 2026, 20:00 UTC152 views12 reactionsread 3 September 2026
Video

🌆 Взглянуть на Петербург по-новому Есть места, которые позволяют по-настоящему почувствовать масштаб Северной столицы. Одним из них стал Лахта Центр — высотная точка, откуда город предстаёт совсем в другом виде. Здесь Финский залив встречается с городскими кварталами, знакомые улицы становятся тонкими линиями, а взгляд уходит далеко за горизонт. Пока сентябрь ещё радует тёплыми днями, можно выбраться к заливу, про

5👍4😍3

2 Sept 2026, 19:34 UTC165 views7 reactionsread 3 September 2026
Photo

💻 Топ-5 новостей из жизни Петербурга за 2 сентября Мы отобрали для вас самые значительные события дня, чтобы вы оставались в курсе происходящего в городе: 1️⃣Кирилл Смирнов возглавил делегацию петербургских журналистов в Китае 2️⃣На Октябрьской набережной открылся новый электрозарядный хаб 3️⃣Сто лет по одному маршруту 4️⃣Евгений Леонов и «Ленфильм»: роли, которые стали частью истории кино 5️⃣На станции метро «

32👍2

2 Sept 2026, 19:01 UTC175 views8 reactionsread 3 September 2026
Photo

🌺 Сентябрь начинается с цветов Осень уже пришла в Петербург, но городские клумбы пока не спешат прощаться с летом. В городе продолжают цвести розы, лилии и другие растения, добавляя ярких красок первым сентябрьским дням. Садовники постарались сделать переход между сезонами как можно мягче: пока школьники возвращаются за парты, на улицах Петербурга ещё сохраняется почти летнее настроение. Фото: Комитет по благоустр

❤‍🔥3😍3🔥2

2 Sept 2026, 18:31 UTC204 views6 reactionsread 3 September 2026
Photo

🚇 На «Старой деревне» продолжается капитальный ремонт На станции метро «Старая деревня» Фрунзенско-Приморской линии продолжают обновлять путевые стены и гранитные полы. Ремонт проводят в ночное время, поэтому на доступность станции для пассажиров он не влияет. Работы начались в сентябре 2025 года и должны завершиться в октябре 2026-го. Фото: Подземник Подписаться на Петербургский дневник в МАКС

41👍1

2 Sept 2026, 18:02 UTC210 views6 reactionsread 3 September 2026
Photo

⚽️ «Зенит» в Кубке России одержал победу над «Динамо» из Махачкалы Петербургский «Зенит» одержал уверенную победу в матче третьего тура группового этапа «Пути РПЛ». Встреча с «Динамо» завершилась со счётом 3:0. Два мяча ещё в первом тайме забил Александр Соболев — он отличился на 11-й и 38-й минутах. После перерыва команда Сергея Семака продолжила контролировать игру, а на 85-й минуте Александр Ерохин после подачи

3🎉2👍1

2 Sept 2026, 12:10 UTC76 views7 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

🎖️ Игорь Руденя поздравил военнослужащих и ветеранов с Днём российской гвардии Полномочный представитель президента России в СЗФО Игорь Руденя поздравил военнослужащих и ветеранов гвардейских воинских частей и соединений с профессиональным праздником. Он напомнил, что история российской гвардии зародилась в Петербурге, когда Пётр I повелел именовать Преображенский и Семёновский полки гвардейскими. Игорь Руденя такж

3👀1🔥1🤝1🙏1

2 Sept 2026, 11:40 UTC159 views9 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

🔌 На Октябрьской набережной открылся новый электрозарядный хаб Сегодня, 2 сентября, в Петербурге начал работу многофункциональный электрозарядный хаб «Правобережный». В церемонии открытия приняли участие губернатор Александр Беглов и председатель Законодательного Собрания Александр Бельский. На территории разместили 22 электрозарядные станции и 80 зарядных портов мощностью от 160 до 240 кВт. Хаб рассчитан на обслуж

3❤‍🔥3💯3

2 Sept 2026, 11:08 UTC194 views9 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

🇨🇳 Кирилл Смирнов возглавил делегацию петербургских журналистов в Китае Петербургские журналисты начали работу в нескольких городах Китая — Чэнду, Чунцине и Сучжоу. Делегацию возглавил главный редактор «Петербургского дневника» Кирилл Смирнов. Накануне состоялась официальная встреча с руководством Управления иностранных дел провинции Сычуань. Кирилл Смирнов поблагодарил принимающую сторону и отметил развитие сотруд

👌3👍3😍3

2 Sept 2026, 10:37 UTC387 views8 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

❗️ Turkish Airlines и Pegasus отменили часть рейсов между Москвой и Турцией Сегодня, 2 сентября, турецкие авиакомпании Turkish Airlines и Pegasus отменили несколько рейсов между Москвой и Антальей, Стамбулом и Бодрумом. Отмены происходят в том числе на фоне временных ограничений, которые минувшей ночью и утром вводились в московских аэропортах. При этом авиасообщение с Турцией продолжается — часть рейсов турецких и

😨4👌2👍2

2 Sept 2026, 10:01 UTC274 views9 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Video

📺 Семь минут перед сном Начало сентября связано с одной из самых узнаваемых традиций отечественного телевидения. В 1964 году в эфир впервые вышли «Спокойной ночи, малыши!» — тогда ещё совсем непохожие на программу, которую позже полюбили миллионы зрителей. Главный редактор «Петербургского дневника» Кирилл Смирнов рассказал в МАКС о том, как небольшой телевизионный формат превратился в один из самых устойчивых семей

3💯3🙏3

2 Sept 2026, 09:45 UTC271 views10 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

🎓 Новая профессия на стыке государства, бизнеса и общества В СПбГУ представили магистерскую программу «Социальная архитектура». Она объединяет знания из разных областей и должна подготовить специалистов, способных анализировать социальные процессы, проектировать общественные изменения и находить решения сложных задач через диалог. Чему будут учить будущих социальных архитекторов, где они смогут применить полученные

4❤‍🔥3👀3

2 Sept 2026, 00:00 UTC28 views4 reactionsread 2 September 2026
Photo

🚇 От учебной аудитории — к будущему месту работы В День знаний первокурсники Колледжа метрополитена и железнодорожного транспорта побывали в электродепо «Автово». Экскурсию для будущих электромонтеров объектов транспортной инфраструктуры и слесарей-электриков метро провели специалисты депо и Управления метрополитена. Будущие наставники рассказали студентам о работе подземки и познакомили их с азами профессий. «Я в

🔥2👌1👍1

Showing the 12 most recent of 503 posts we hold for @dnevspb. View and reaction counts are the latest single reading for each post, not a live figure, and a recent post is still accumulating both. A view count marked was rounded by Telegram before we ever saw it — t.me prints views in full below 1,000 and to three significant figures above, so ≈1,200,000 means somewhere between 1,150,000 and 1,249,999. Unmarked counts are exact. Text is reproduced from the public post preview and truncated for length.

Polls

The 2 polls we hold for this entry, as Telegram rendered them when we read the post. A poll’s figures keep moving after that, so each one is dated.

23 Aug 2026, 07:30 UTCAnonymous Poll44 voters

А на ваш взгляд, какой вид спорта лучше всего формирует характер?

  1. Единоборства7%
  2. Командные виды спорта14%
  3. Индивидуальные виды спорта2%
  4. Любой спорт, если заниматься им серьёзно77%

Shares as published. No per-option vote count is published by Telegram, so none is shown.

8 Aug 2026, 06:45 UTCAnonymous Poll12 voters

А Вы когда-нибудь мечтали стать летчиком или научиться летать?

  1. Это была моя детская мечта42%
  2. Хотел(а) бы попробовать полетать сейчас25%
  3. Никогда не думал(а) об этом, но было бы интересно попробовать33%
  4. Полеты — это не мое, мне ближе земля0%

Shares as published. No per-option vote count is published by Telegram, so none is shown.

Percentages only — there are no per-option vote counts here, because Telegram publishes none. The public post preview gives each option’s share and a single voter total, and nothing else. Multiplying one by the other would produce a per-option tally that looks measured and is not: the shares are rounded to whole numbers before we ever see them. We print what was published and leave the column that does not exist empty.

The shares need not add up to 100. Rounding alone puts many polls at 99 or 101. A poll that allows more than one answer per voter runs well past 100 by design, and several here do. The bars are drawn against a fixed 100% track at each option’s own percentage rather than normalised to the total, so a poll that exceeds it shows that it does instead of being quietly rescaled.

Read from the 503 most recent posts we hold, published 5 August 2026 to 2 September 2026. Telegram labels each poll by kind — an anonymous poll, a quiz, a closed set of final results — and that label is reproduced rather than paraphrased.

Forward network

Republished by

Channels on the register that have forwarded this channel's posts into their own feed.

Вечерний Санкт-Петербург
@ta_samaya_vecherka · 12,757
35 posts
СТРАНОВЕД
@stranoved · 115,552
3 posts
МИР 24 | Первый Евразийский
@mir24tv · 13,009
2 posts
Петербург Ньюс (Peterburg News)
@peterburgnovosti · 36,423
2 posts
Музей-институт семьи Рерихов
@roerich_museum · 614
2 posts
Картофельные войны
@KartofelnyeVojny · 26
1 post
АЛЕКСАНДР МАЛИКОВ 🇷🇺 Z
@asmalikov12 · 312
1 post
Книжный лис Z
@buki_news · 650
1 post
Александр Пелевин Z
@comradepelevin · 19,925
1 post
ДОСААФ России Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области
@dosaafspb_ru · 190
1 post
Федеральная служба новостей 24
@federalnews24 · 771
1 post
Физкульт-привет, Питер!
@fizkult_privet_piter · 3,108
1 post
Сад Хаяо Миядзаки
@garden_hayao_miyazaki · 1,511
1 post
Giveaway telegram premium
@giveaway_telegram_premium · 72
1 post
Катер ГАНС
@katergans · 76
1 post
Классный руководитель
@klassniy_rukovoditel · 394
1 post
Киностудия «Ленфильм»
@lenfilmnews · 8,530
1 post
Мариинская больница
@mariinru · 1,069
1 post
МоноПитер: новости, анонсы
@mono_piter · 653
1 post
🔹GR. Неизданное🔹
@nastyabestever · 107
1 post
ЦВММ (Центральный военно-морской музей)
@navalmuseum · 1,476
1 post
Numismatics
@numismatics · 56
1 post
Моя Майя 🩰
@openartfestivalru · 100
1 post
Сербия - любовь моя
@ourserbia · 150
1 post
Piter News 24 (Новости Петербурга)
@piternews24 · 10,875
1 post
Аэропорт Пулково
@pulkovo_led · 49,486
1 post
Шоу Светланы Хоркиной
@showkhorkina · 544
1 post
СМИ Россия не Москва
@smi_rf_moskva · 2,525,974
1 post
Моё собачье дело
@sobachka_delo · 75
1 post
Новости строительства России
@stroynewsrussia · 12,135
1 post
Мой Петербург. Добрый город
@subdobra · 177
1 post
Строительство ЖК «Юнтолово»
@yunt7 · 1,921
1 post

Built only from forwarded posts we have actually read, on both sides. Coverage is early and deliberately incomplete: a missing link means we have not read the post that would prove it, never that the relationship does not exist. Counts are distinct forwarded posts observed, so they only ever go up as we read more.

Mentions

Named by 21 registered channels — every channel on the register whose own posts have named this one, by its current username or any other username it currently holds, merged from two separately captured readings of the same fact so a namer caught by only one of them is not missed and a namer both caught is not counted twice. A username this channel has since dropped is not matched — that handle may belong to someone else now, and crediting today’s namer to yesterday’s owner would misattribute it.

Named by

Channels on the register whose posts name this channel's handle.

A mention is a weaker signal than a forward and is counted separately for that reason — naming a channel is not republishing it, and a handle in a post body is easy to place deliberately. The post counts beside each row below are distinct posts in which the handle appeared, from posts we have read on both sides — the “Named by N registered channels” figure above is a different count, of distinct NAMING CHANNELS rather than posts, and is not the sum of the rows under it.

Appears in Telegram’s recommendations for other channels

The reverse of the list above, and a different kind of signal. This does not require this channel to have ever been asked about directly — each row below is a channel we DID ask Telegram about, whose Telegram-generated list happened to include this one. A channel can appear here with an empty list above it, because being named by someone else’s query is independent of having been queried itself.

ГЛАВНОЕ / Санкт-Петербург
@topspb_tv · 25,800
Telegram ranks this channel #2 of 91 here — alongside 90 others — read 13 September 2026
78 | НОВОСТИ
@good78news · 101,429
Telegram ranks this channel #16 of 88 here — alongside 87 others — read 15 August 2026
1703
@sp_1703 · 53,084
Telegram ranks this channel #18 of 91 here — alongside 90 others — read 24 August 2026
GradSPb | Санкт-Петербург
@gradspb · 46,382
Telegram ranks this channel #21 of 87 here — alongside 86 others — read 27 August 2026
Питер сегодня
@piter_headline · 32,110
Telegram ranks this channel #25 of 67 here — alongside 66 others — read 5 September 2026
Мой Питер
@petrograd_my · 80,815
Telegram ranks this channel #25 of 81 here — alongside 80 others — read 18 August 2026
Бесплатный Питер
@spbfree24 · 24,570
Telegram ranks this channel #26 of 81 here — alongside 80 others — read 15 September 2026
ОтЛичный Петербург: афиша и гид Фонтанки
@afishaplus · 29,385
Telegram ranks this channel #26 of 94 here — alongside 93 others — read 8 September 2026
Питер online | Санкт-Петербург
@spb_online · 52,742
Telegram ranks this channel #27 of 77 here — alongside 76 others — read 31 August 2026
Александр Беглов
@a_beglov · 83,039
Telegram ranks this channel #28 of 92 here — alongside 91 others — read 18 August 2026
Легендарный Петербург
@legendary_piter · 67,113
Telegram ranks this channel #29 of 85 here — alongside 84 others — read 21 August 2026
Петербург сейчас
@nowspb · 39,341
Telegram ranks this channel #30 of 88 here — alongside 87 others — read 30 August 2026
Санкт-Петербург Life
@lifepetersburg · 106,132
Telegram ranks this channel #33 of 92 here — alongside 91 others — read 15 August 2026
Эй, Питер!
@spb_state · 50,498
Telegram ranks this channel #34 of 87 here — alongside 86 others — read 25 August 2026
Петербург 1703
@town1703 · 65,933
Telegram ranks this channel #35 of 79 here — alongside 78 others — read 31 August 2026
Петербургские истории 🎞
@piter_places · 45,179
Telegram ranks this channel #39 of 91 here — alongside 90 others — read 27 August 2026
Петербург Новостной
@piternaneve · 31,860
Telegram ranks this channel #42 of 84 here — alongside 83 others — read 5 September 2026
Санкт-Петербург сегодня
@spb_burg · 38,396
Telegram ranks this channel #45 of 68 here — alongside 67 others — read 31 August 2026
Записки декабриста
@decembrist_spb · 78,157
Telegram ranks this channel #52 of 93 here — alongside 92 others — read 19 August 2026
Афиша бесплатных событий Петербурга
@afishapeterburga · 91,260
Telegram ranks this channel #58 of 82 here — alongside 81 others — read 17 August 2026
Куда сходить в Петербурге
@afishapitera · 64,948
Telegram ranks this channel #61 of 85 here — alongside 84 others — read 21 August 2026
Мегаполис | ДТП и ЧП | Санкт-Петербург | Питер💡
@Megapolisonline · 77,403
Telegram ranks this channel #62 of 94 here — alongside 93 others — read 19 August 2026
Ночной губернатор
@nightguber · 51,059
Telegram ranks this channel #63 of 95 here — alongside 94 others — read 25 August 2026
Питер 1703
@spiter_live · 42,142
Telegram ranks this channel #72 of 82 here — alongside 81 others — read 29 August 2026

This channel appears in 25 seed channels' Telegram-generated recommendation lists in total, of which the 24 where it ranks highest are shown above. Each is Telegram’s list for THAT channel, not this one — see how this is measured.

Cite this entry

A live page changes as we take new readings, so a citation should name the measurement it is based on, not just the URL. The line below cites the subscriber count as measured 17 September 2026 — this entry's latest reading, not the date you are reading this.

“Петербургский дневник” (@dnevspb), 20,913 subscribers as measured 17 September 2026. Telegram Register, tgregister.com/channel/dnevspb.

Full measurement history, CC BY 4.0. Every reading this register holds for this entry, not just the latest one, as a dated, downloadable record: CSV · JSON. Free to use with attribution to tgregister.com. Each file carries its own generation timestamp, which is the figure to cite for exactly when the data was retrieved.