Telegram RegisterThe public register of Telegram
Telegram profile photo for اخبار گیفت | عمو ایردراپ

Channel

اخبار گیفت | عمو ایردراپ

@AMOAirdrop

On this record: Topic · Growth · Engagement · What this channel posts · Reactions · Stars · Posts · Posts edited after publishing · Citations · Telegram's recommendations · Cite this entry

114,455subscribers

-3,498 since we began measuring on 7 August 2026

Risers and fallers across the register · movement among entries of 100,000–316,228.

Register entry

Telegram ID-1002141534753
TypeChannel
Username@AMOAirdrop
Descriptionبا ما به روز باشید! Owner: @AmoSinoly
CreatedBetween 1 November 2023 and 31 May 2024— estimated from Telegram’s id allocation, not measured. How this range is calculated.
First recorded7 August 2026
Last confirmed live21 August 2026
Measurements held15
Confirmed unchanged1 time, most recently 21 August 2026
On Telegramt.me/AMOAirdrop

Topic

Giveaways & airdrops — a classification, not a measurement. An on-box language model (Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-UD-Q6_K_XL, prompt version 1) read this channel’s own recent posts on 9 August 2026 and assigned it the closest of 31 fixed categories, at 56% confidence. This is a model’s judgement about what the channel is likely to be about, not a fact this register measured the way a subscriber count or a view count is measured — it can be revised on a later pass, and it carries no weight anywhere else on this page. How this classification works, and why it has no browse page of its own yet.

Growth

114,455117,953116,2047 August 2026 — 117,953 subscribers7 August 2026 — 117,953 subscribers8 August 2026 — 117,793 subscribers9 August 2026 — 117,590 subscribers10 August 2026 — 117,469 subscribers11 August 2026 — 117,308 subscribers12 August 2026 — 117,059 subscribers13 August 2026 — 116,776 subscribers15 August 2026 — 116,363 subscribers16 August 2026 — 115,685 subscribers17 August 2026 — 115,453 subscribers18 August 2026 — 115,173 subscribers19 August 2026 — 114,790 subscribers20 August 2026 — 114,614 subscribers21 August 2026 — 114,455 subscribers7 August 202621 August 2026
15 measurements spanning 14 days, net -3,498. Dots are measurements; the straight line between them is drawn to join them, not to claim we know the path taken in between — snapshots are recorded only when a count changes, so gaps mean “no change observed”, never “interpolated”. The vertical axis spans 113,930–118,478 and does not start at zero.
Measurement log — every subscribers count we have recorded
Measured (UTC)SubscribersChange
21 Aug 2026, 10:24114,455-159
20 Aug 2026, 11:08114,614-176
19 Aug 2026, 11:54114,790-383
18 Aug 2026, 14:34115,173-280
17 Aug 2026, 18:05115,453-232
16 Aug 2026, 14:38115,685-678
15 Aug 2026, 01:06116,363-413
13 Aug 2026, 18:06116,776-283
12 Aug 2026, 17:27117,059-249
11 Aug 2026, 15:53117,308-161
10 Aug 2026, 15:03117,469-121
9 Aug 2026, 13:11117,590-203
8 Aug 2026, 10:21117,793-160
7 Aug 2026, 13:00117,953no change
7 Aug 2026, 12:53117,953first reading

Engagement

100 posts held, back to 4 August 2026the reader has not yet reached the start of this channel’s public history, so older posts may sit further back, unread. Read across 36 pagesof Telegram’s post history, 20 posts per page.

ERR · 30 days
1.72%
avg views ÷ 114,455 subscribers
Avg views / post
1,970
100 posts measured
Reaction rate
1.06%
reactions ÷ views · ER floor
Posts in window
100
of 100 held

ERR is average views per post over the last 30 days divided by subscribers, the definition TGStat uses, so this figure is comparable with the one you will see elsewhere. It falls structurally as a channel grows: a high ERR on a small channel and a low one on a large channel describe reach mathematics, not quality. We publish the figure and the sample it came from and pass no verdict on it.

ER is defined industry-wide as (forwards + reactions + comments) ÷ views— note the denominator is views, not subscribers. Telegram’s public web preview carries views and reactions but not forward or comment counts, so the reaction rate above is the reactions term only and is therefore a floor: the true ER for this channel is higher by an amount we have not measured and will not estimate.

What these figures were computed from
WindowRolling 30 days · latest post in window 22 August 2026
Posts held100 (4 August 202622 August 2026)
Views total196,856
Reactions total2,081
Forwards / commentsnot exposed by the public surface — not measured, not estimated
Readings taken22 Aug 2026, 11:43 UTC

Views are a single reading per post, taken at the time above. A post published in the last day or two is still accumulating views, which pulls the 30-day average down slightly. That is a property of the standard definition rather than a fault in it, so we keep the definition rather than “correcting” the number into something nobody can reproduce.

Precision. Telegram publishes view counts on its public widget in short form — 8.12K, 3.7M — so any reading at or above 1,000 reaches us rounded to three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. Averages and rates derived from them are shown to the same precision rather than to the unit: a figure like 3,701,250 would assert digits nobody measured.

Reaction counts are published per emoji and rounded the same way, so a total below 1,000 is exact and a larger one is a sum that may carry a rounded component from each emoji above 1,000. Because it is a sum, it does not look rounded — read a large reaction total as three significant figures per contributing emoji rather than as the figure it prints.

What this channel posts

Photos
9,520
Videos
590
Links
8,290

Lifetime counters from Telegram’s own channel header, read 22 August 2026 — not the date at the top of this page, which is when the subscriber count was last read. A count marked was rounded by Telegram before we ever saw it — t.me prints these counters in full below 1,000 and to three significant figures above, so ≈142,000 means somewhere between 141,500 and 142,499.

Video runtime
42s
Average length
11s

Measured directly from 4 videos with a duration reading, out of the posts we hold for this channel — not this channel’s whole posting history, only the sample this register has actually read. An exact reading to the second, taken from the post itself rather than from Telegram’s own rounded chrome, so it carries no mark.

Reaction mix

2,081 reactions across 100 posts, in 25 distinct kinds. The most used accounts for 33.8% of them.

Every reaction kind recorded on the sample, most used first
ReactionCountShareShare, drawn
🤣70333.8%
47422.8%
👍26712.8%
🔥1939.27%
👏753.60%
🐳522.50%
🤯512.45%
🗿502.40%
👎472.26%
🎉381.83%
💔381.83%
🏆221.06%
😍200.961%
😐160.769%
🤔90.432%
😈60.288%
👌40.192%
😢40.192%
30.144%
😱30.144%
5 further kinds60.288%

No sentiment is inferred, and none should be read in. This table is ordered by count and by nothing else. Emoji do not carry stable meaning across languages or communities — 🙏 is thanks in one channel and mourning in another — so we publish which ones were pressed and how often, and pass no judgement on what an audience meant by them.

Precision. Telegram publishes reaction counts per emoji and short-forms each one — 4.34K, 1.2M — so any single kind at or above 1,000 reaches us at three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. The shares above are ratios of those figures and carry the same error. This is also why the total here can differ slightly from a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page: both are sums of the same rounded parts, taken over samples with different edges.

Coverage. Reactions were read on 100 of the 100 sampled posts in this sample. Summed by Telegram’s own count on each post — not by adding up the per-emoji breakdown above — those same posts carry 2,081reactions in total: the kind of figure the paragraph above means by “a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page”.

Measured over the 100 most recent posts we hold, published 4 August 2026 to 22 August 2026, using the newest reading held for each. Telegram Stars are excluded: they are a payment, not a reaction, and they have their own section.

Telegram Stars

Stars received
13
across the posts below
Posts paid on
7
of 100 we hold a reading for · 7%
Most on one post
3
single highest reading

A paid reaction is a reader spending Telegram Stars — bought with money — on a post by @AMOAirdrop. Telegram publishes the count on the public post preview alongside ordinary reactions, and this register reads it there. It is the only figure on this site that measures money moving rather than attention.

Stars are not reactions, and the two are never added. They are rendered in the same strip on Telegram and counted in the same shape, but one is a tap and the other is a purchase. The reaction totals and the engagement rate elsewhere on this page exclude every figure in this section, and no rate here is computed against a reaction count.

This is not revenue, and we publish no currency figure. What a Star costs a reader and what it pays a channel are different numbers, Telegram takes a share we cannot observe, and the terms have changed. Converting a Star count into money would be an estimate dressed as a measurement, so the count is where we stop.

Counted over the 100 most recent posts we hold for this entry, published 4 August 2026 to 22 August 2026. Star counts above 1,000 reach us in Telegram’s short form and carry the same three-significant-figure rounding as everything else on this page.

Recent posts

22 Aug 2026, 10:11 UTC446 views11 reactionsread 22 August 2026
Photo

📰 در آپدیت آینده نسخه دسکتاپ تلگرام (v7.1.0)، امکان مشاهده عکس‌ها و ویدیوهای ناپدیدشونده اضافه خواهد شد! پیش از این، برای مشاهده این نوع محتوا، استفاده از نسخه موبایل تلگرام ضروری بود. همچنین امکان گرفتن از صفحه نمایش (اسکرین‌شات) یا ضبط صفحه نیز وجود نخواهد داشت. 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

🤣6👍32

22 Aug 2026, 05:30 UTC760 views12 reactionsread 22 August 2026
Photo

🎒تغییرات قیمتی گیفت ها در 24 ساعت گذشته 🎰 Frog 🤩SquidGame 🆒Epic Gift 🐸Fight Club 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

8👍3🐳1

21 Aug 2026, 21:56 UTC≈1,090 views14 reactionsread 22 August 2026
Video

🎁 یکی از اسکین های گردنبند گربه ایی که اوهونکو تو‌ چتش لو داد! 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

🤣94🔥1

21 Aug 2026, 18:58 UTC≈1,250 views18 reactionsread 22 August 2026

✈️آپدیت جدید تلگرام منتشر شد!

🤣125👍1

21 Aug 2026, 18:09 UTC≈3,940 views36 reactionsread 22 August 2026

گیفتی که میده برای برداشتش 6تا رفرال میخواد و بعد از 5 روز میفرسته براتون☕️

🤣28👍5🤔2👀1

21 Aug 2026, 17:57 UTC≈1,350 views8 reactionsread 22 August 2026
Photo

🏆 اسپین رایگان ربات گوریل هم رندوم به اکانت های لول و گیفت دار داره گیفت میده اگه دوست داشتین روزانه رایگاشو بزنید. ورود به ربات Gorilla 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

👍62

21 Aug 2026, 15:27 UTC≈1,460 views13 reactions3 Starsread 22 August 2026
Photo

✨اهونکو اعلام کرد که پاول دورف و آدلر در حال کار بر روی اپگرید برای 🎁Redo هستند و با طراحان بهتری همکاری میکنند تا نگرانی های پاول در این خصوص رفع شود! 🎁 گردنبندها هم تقریباً به میزان 50% آماده شده‌اند. 🎁 همچنین فانوس به میزان 99% آماده هستند. 🎁 اوهونکو همچنین یک عکس مرموز از بستنی اسکوپی نشان داد، اما پیش‌تر گفته بود که نباید انتظار داشت در تابستان آن را ببینیم! 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

8👏4🔥1

21 Aug 2026, 12:21 UTC≈1,630 views47 reactionsread 22 August 2026

💸ربات فیک ناتکوین هم توسط تلگرام فریز شد! تو این مدت تونستند حدود یک میلیون کاربر ماهانه جذب کنند! 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

🤣40👏52

21 Aug 2026, 10:22 UTC≈1,700 views33 reactionsread 22 August 2026
Photo

خب درست شد😂 ‼️ربات فیک اپیک هم اومد! این یه ربات عربیه که کاملا کپی از اپیکه و اسکمه، به هیچ وجه بهش چیزی واریز نکنید! به محض ورود 30 تون بونوسه غیر قابل برداشت میده و صرفا برا اپیک بازهای چنل خوبه برن اینجا تمرین کنند😂 ربات اصلی اپیک ربات فیک اپیک 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

🤣274🗿2

20 Aug 2026, 13:45 UTC≈1,910 views20 reactionsread 22 August 2026

⭐️لیست گیفت های خامی که همچنان در انتظار آپگریدند: 🎁 552 روز (14 فوریه) 🎁 537 روز (1 مارس) 🎁 530 روز (8 مارس) 🎁 488 روز (19 آوریل) 🎁 476 روز (1 می) 🎁🎁 468 روز (9 می) 🎁 445 روز (1 ژوئن) 🎁🎁🎁 370 روز (15 آگوست) 🎁353 روز (1 سپتامبر) 🎁🎁🎁 314 روز (10 اکتبر) 🎃🎃🎃 292 روز (1 نوامبر) 🎁 278 روز (15 نوامبر) 🎁 232 روز (31 دسامبر) 💸 @AMOAirdrop 💸

🤣13👍4🗿21

20 Aug 2026, 09:51 UTC≈1,950 views21 reactionsread 22 August 2026

Posted without readable text

10👏5🔥4🐳2

Showing the 12 most recent of 100 posts we hold for @AMOAirdrop. View and reaction counts are the latest single reading for each post, not a live figure, and a recent post is still accumulating both. A view count marked was rounded by Telegram before we ever saw it — t.me prints views in full below 1,000 and to three significant figures above, so ≈1,200,000 means somewhere between 1,150,000 and 1,249,999. Unmarked counts are exact. Text is reproduced from the public post preview and truncated for length.

Stars beside a post are paid reactions — Telegram Stars, bought with money and spent on that post. They are a different unit from reactions and are never added to them, here or anywhere else on this page.

Posts edited after publishing

@AMOAirdrop edited 1 post after it first published — the same permalink now carries different wording than the one this register originally read, caught because our own crawl held a copy of the earlier text.

An edit is not deception. Typo fixes, price updates and corrections look exactly like this too — this register can tell you the wording changed and when, not why. How this is measured.

First edit seen
11 August 2026
Most recent edit
11 August 2026

Citation-graph rank

Citation-graph rank — 771,340 of 1,583,249entries in the measured graph. A weighted position computed from the forward and mention edges below — republished posts weigh more than named mentions — and recomputed periodically, over the whole graph. Published only as this ordinal position, never as a score: a position is a fact, and a score printed beside one channel’s name would read as a verdict this register does not make. The two counts beneath stay separate for the same reason mentions are never summed with forwards anywhere else on this page — a named-by count costs nothing to manufacture. The top 100 by this measure, or how it is computed.

Forward network

Republishes

Channels on the register whose posts this channel has forwarded.

Built only from forwarded posts we have actually read, on both sides. Coverage is early and deliberately incomplete: a missing link means we have not read the post that would prove it, never that the relationship does not exist. Counts are distinct forwarded posts observed, so they only ever go up as we read more.

Mentions

Named by 3 registered channels — every channel on the register whose own posts have named this one, by its current username or any other username it currently holds, merged from two separately captured readings of the same fact so a namer caught by only one of them is not missed and a namer both caught is not counted twice. A username this channel has since dropped is not matched — that handle may belong to someone else now, and crediting today’s namer to yesterday’s owner would misattribute it.

A mention is a weaker signal than a forward and is counted separately for that reason — naming a channel is not republishing it, and a handle in a post body is easy to place deliberately. The post counts beside each row below are distinct posts in which the handle appeared, from posts we have read on both sides — the “Named by N registered channels” figure above is a different count, of distinct NAMING CHANNELS rather than posts, and is not the sum of the rows under it.

Channels Telegram recommends alongside this one

Telegram’s own answer, not this register’s.When this register asks Telegram’s API what is similar to this channel, this is the list it returns, in the exact order Telegram returns it — never re-sorted by subscribers or by anything else this register measures. The relationship, and the order, are Telegram’s; we record them and date them, and make no claim of our own about which of these channels actually resemble this one.

کانال خبر مشق | اخبار فوری ملارد شهریار قدس + فردیس اندیشه سرآسیاب مارلیک صفادشت قلعه حسن خان | اقتصاد و سیاست
@KHabarMashgh1 · 72,090
#1
اخبار و کریپتو | بازار | ایردراپ‌های آینده‌دار
@crypto_dollar_excellent · 38,562
#2
اخبار گیفت | CoinsHub
@Coins4Hub · 85,585
#3
Only me..
@oonly_mee · 11,217
#4
Ali kashani
@amookashani · 126,599
#5
خنده بازار
@khanddeh_bazar · 13,833
#6
Proxy MTProto | پروکسی
@iMTProto · 7,464,691
#7
iRo Proxy | پروکسی
@iRoProxy · 7,865,368
#8
دیجیتال مارکت (crypto)
@iran_airdropmine · 6,958
#9
مجله‌ نوبیتکس
@Nobitexmag · 149,524
#10
ارز دیجیتال با عموکاشانی|سیگنال رایگان
@crypto_amookashani · 99,699
#11
• DoNaLD VPN •
@DoNaLD_VPN · 29,178
#12
crypto | کریپتو
@cryptonews_lessons · 95,468
#13
درآمد دلاری | گیفت تلگرام | کریپتو
@qpcod · 189,926
#14
Roboland
@Robolandio · 178,241
#15
پروکسی دائمی تلگرام
@proxydaemi · 1,766,091
#16
Freeairdropland | گیفت تلگرام
@freeairdropland1 · 139,194
#17
بورس | سهام | اقتصاد | عمو حسین
@novadrop_ir · 37,632
#18
Tabdeal.org | صرافی تبدیل
@tabdealplatform · 515,943
#19
REZA CAPITAL
@REZA_CAPITAL · 2,702
#20
کریپتو | ماینینگ | ارز
@airdrop_iranixvip · 76,450
#21
Nobitex | نوبیتکس
@nobitexmarket · 321,901
#22
ایردراپ|سیگنال رایگان|Voidfarming
@Voidfarming · 742
#23
کانال خبری تایم فارم
@TimeFarmNewsFarsiOfficial · 204,616
#24
DOGS Community
@dogs · 7,412,338
#25
Yescoin
@theyescoin · 6,098,867
#26
Notcoin Community
@notcoin · 9,113,759
#27
SEED Updates
@seedupdates · 8,727,992
#28
Hamster Kombat Announcement
@hamster_kombat · 21,799,908
#29
FX Holding | Official
@fx_holding_community · 6,450,830
#30
Catapult Extreme
@catapult_extreme · 9,071,537
#31
Rocky Rabbit Channel
@rockyrabbitio · 3,654,878
#32
HAYZON
@hayzonn · 3,002,294
#33
Time Farm News
@TimeFarmChannel · 5,633,679
#34
Pavel Durov
@durov · 11,127,043
#35
Trending Apps
@trendingapps · 3,965,629
#36
ورزش سه
@varzesh3 · 1,293,967
#37
TapCoins
@theTapCoins · 3,077,818
#38
HEXN.IO Channel
@hexnio · 2,090,103
#39
Futball Bad Tv ⚫
@futballbadtv · 325,583
#40
ONUS Announcements (English)
@onus_globalchannel · 1,730,589
#41
cultofnot
@cultofnot · 1,056,803
#42
پروکسی Proxy
@proxy_qavi · 3,531,698
#43
CEX.IO's Official Community Channel
@CEXIO_Announcements · 2,621,701
#44
Vertus Announcements
@the_vertus · 2,234,367
#45
⚽️ بیست و دو | Bistodo
@bistodo · 397,871
#46
PIGS Community
@pigscrew · 2,241,363
#47
دارک پروکسی | Proxy mtproto
@darkproxy · 4,918,871
#48
Россия Вещает | News
@vestirussia · 1,034,269
#49
My Proxy | مای پروکسی
@Myporoxy · 4,487,305
#50
Crypto Hub | Крипта
@crypto_hub_crypto_hub · 2,407
#51
GAMEE Community
@gameechannel · 1,975,990
#52
WATCoin
@watbird · 1,540,660
#53
GOATS Channel
@realgoats_channel · 4,971,881
#54
Медиа Россия
@mediarussia · 1,539,774
#55
مووی کاتیج
@CottageOrg · 822,597
#56
پروکسی ملی | ᴠᴘɴ |خبرجنگ
@irproxy · 1,292,903
#57
Nomis | Onchain Reputation Protocol
@nomis_protocol · 1,612,474
#58
Blum: All Crypto – One App
@blumcrypto · 15,375,996
#59
Boom: Crypto News
@boomloudcoin · 1,736,976
#60
tapswap community
@tapswapai · 10,785,090
#61
Dotcoin Community
@dotcoincommunity · 4,180,357
#62
HOT Updates
@hotonnear · 4,880,449
#63
Builders
@builders · 3,553,061
#64
Proxy MTProto
@proxymtproto · 11,951,898
#65
Catizen Announcement
@catizenann · 3,754,651
#66
Baby Doge Announcements
@babydogecoin · 1,063,599
#67
Corn Battles🌽⚔️🌽
@corn_battles · 1,086,429
#68
Varzesh+plus | ورزش پلاس
@vaarzesh_plus · 344,335
#69
Diamore | Announcements
@diamoremarket · 345,665
#70
N1 Channel
@num1_ch · 414,246
#71
Gram of TON
@gram · 6,953,320
#72
Cryptozon
@monorixofficial · 1,398,546
#73
Game Talks | Видеоигры
@game_talks · 3,005
#74
Новости без политоты
@non_political_news · 3,809
#75
Financial reality | Экономические Новости
@financial_reality · 3,467
#76
Innovation Station | Новости IT
@innovation_station · 2,234
#77

Read from Telegram’s recommendation API, most recently 14 August 2026. Telegram holds a list like this for a small and growing share of the register — how this is measured, and why most channel pages show nothing here.

Appears in Telegram’s recommendations for other channels

The reverse of the list above, and a different kind of signal. This does not require this channel to have ever been asked about directly — each row below is a channel we DID ask Telegram about, whose Telegram-generated list happened to include this one. A channel can appear here with an empty list above it, because being named by someone else’s query is independent of having been queried itself.

اخبار گیفت | CoinsHub
@Coins4Hub · 85,585
Telegram ranks this channel #1 of 76 here — alongside 75 others — read 18 August 2026
کانال خبر مشق | اخبار فوری ملارد شهریار قدس + فردیس اندیشه سرآسیاب مارلیک صفادشت قلعه حسن خان | اقتصاد و سیاست
@KHabarMashgh1 · 72,090
Telegram ranks this channel #2 of 73 here — alongside 72 others — read 20 August 2026
Ali kashani
@amookashani · 126,599
Telegram ranks this channel #4 of 82 here — alongside 81 others — read 13 August 2026
ارز دیجیتال با عموکاشانی|سیگنال رایگان
@crypto_amookashani · 99,699
Telegram ranks this channel #9 of 83 here — alongside 82 others — read 15 August 2026
ایردراپ | همستر | تپ سواپ | نات کوین | یس کوین | بلوم | ممفی | وی کوین | پیکسل ورس | تایم فارم | ایدراپ | کتیزن
@airdrop_baaaz · 135,036
Telegram ranks this channel #11 of 67 here — alongside 66 others — read 13 August 2026
خبرفوری|جام جهانی
@khabar_atak · 571,910
Telegram ranks this channel #16 of 69 here — alongside 68 others — read 12 August 2026
تکنولوژی + خبرای مهم با پیام
@payam_nsi · 148,874
Telegram ranks this channel #18 of 80 here — alongside 79 others — read 12 August 2026
تحلیل طلا، دلار و… | دکتر سینا سوادکوهی
@sinasavadkouhi · 67,398
Telegram ranks this channel #19 of 68 here — alongside 67 others — read 21 August 2026
ترید و درآمد دلاری
@TheMrTrade · 72,854
Telegram ranks this channel #24 of 77 here — alongside 76 others — read 19 August 2026
ویسام
@VOISAM · 110,000
Telegram ranks this channel #60 of 74 here — alongside 73 others — read 14 August 2026

This channel appears in 10 seed channels' Telegram-generated recommendation lists in total. Each is Telegram’s list for THAT channel, not this one — see how this is measured.

Cite this entry

A live page changes as we take new readings, so a citation should name the measurement it is based on, not just the URL. The line below cites the subscriber count as measured 21 August 2026 — this entry's latest reading, not the date you are reading this.

“اخبار گیفت | عمو ایردراپ” (@AMOAirdrop), 114,455 subscribers as measured 21 August 2026. Telegram Register, tgregister.com/channel/AMOAirdrop.

Full measurement history, CC BY 4.0. Every reading this register holds for this entry, not just the latest one, as a dated, downloadable record: CSV · JSON. Free to use with attribution to tgregister.com. Each file carries its own generation timestamp, which is the figure to cite for exactly when the data was retrieved.